Type-writing machine.



PATENTED JAN. 28, 1908.

' 0,. WOODWARD.

TYPE WRITING MACHINE. APPLICATION FILED 831F123, 1904. f

v 8 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

INVENTDR;

\AATNEEEEE:

315 ATTORNEY No- 877,541. PATENTED JAN. 28, 1908.

. 0'. WOODWARDV TYPE WRITING MACHINE.

APPLI OATION FILED SHIT. 3, 1904;

8 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

MTNESEES= PATENTBD JAN. 28,1908,

O.--WO ODWARD. TYPE WRITING MACHINE.

I N E S PT. 4. APPLIOAT 0 IIL D I 3 190 8 SHEETS SHEET 3' TTUHNEY PATENTED JAN. 28, 1908.

N0.'s77,541.' 0 WOODWARD TYPE WRITING MACHINE. APPLICATION FILED SEPT; 3, 1904. 8 E S SHEET 4.

s 4 \NVENTUH;

MTNEEEEa 1-45 ATTEIRNEY PATENTED JAN. 28, 1908.

0. WOODWARD. TYPE WRITING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 3, 1904.

. 8 SHEETS-SHEET 5.

NVEINTEIH;

TTUHNEY "\MTNEESES:

' MMW' HQ 5 5 FIG. 36.

Ive/877,541. PATENTED JAN. 28, 1908.

, 0. WOODWARD.

TYPE WRITING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 8, 1904.

- 8 SHEETS- SHEET 6.

\NVENTEIR H15- A UHNEY No. 877,541. v PATENTED JAN 28, 1908. O. WOODWARD. TYPE WRITING MACHINE.

' APPLIOATION FILED SEPT. s, 1904.

8 $HEETS-SHEET 7..

lllli INVENTEF: Y

M 5am TT'EJHNE No. 877,541. PATENTED JAN. 28, 1908.

- O. WOQDWARD.

TYPE WRITING MACHINE.

AP'PLIOATION FILED T. 19 4.

SEP 0 mums-sums.

\AATNEEEEE: I .|/ENTUH= a? 1: T y W UNITED STATES OSCAR WOODWARD, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., ASSIGNOR TO l NLUN TlYPEWRITER COl'llA PAL FFHIF...

NY, OF

JERSEY CITY, NEW JERSEY, A CORPORA'l'lQC-i OF NEW JERSEY.

TYPE-WRITING MAUI-131N1 1 To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, Gsoan WVoonwARD, a citizen of the United States, and resident of the borough of Manhattan, city of New York, in the county of New York and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Type-Writing Machines, of which the following is a specification. v

'My invention relates to typewriting machines and more particularly to the ribbon feeding mechanism, one object of the invention being to provide comparatively simple and efficient mechanism for effecting an autornatic reversal in the direction of the feed of the ribbon.

A further object of the invention is to provide comparatively simple and efficient pying different positions.

mechanism for automatically feeding the ribbon in two directions at substantially right angles to each other.

To the above and other ends which will hereinafter a pear, my invention consists in the features oFconstruction and combinations of devices and arrangementsof parts hereinafter more fully described and particularly pointed out in the appended claims.

In the accompanying drawings, wherein the same reference characters are used to designate the same parts in the various views, Figure 1 is a vertical front: to rear central sectional view of a typewriting machine embodying my invention. Fig. 2 is a vertical transverse sectional view of the machine,

the section being taken on the. line ww, Fig. 1, looking towards the front of the machine and with parts shown in'Fig. 1 omitted.

Fl 3 is a horizontal section of the machine talien below the top plate and showing my' Fig. 4 is a fragmem. tary detail inner side view of a spool on its improvements in plan.

shaft, with part of the spool shifting lever and a portion of the reversing mechanism associated with said spool. Fig. 5 isa similar view to F ig. 4, the parts, however, occu- Fig. 6 is a front elevation of the right-hand end of the machine partly insection, the view being taken at a right angle to the osition shown in Fig. 5. Fig. 7 isa longitudinal sectional View of the spool, its bearings and certain of the associated parts. Fig. 8 is an enlarged detail perspective view showing the relations of the dog carrying and ratchet actuatin bar, the dogs, the ratchet wheels and the 0g releas- .atented. Jan. 28, 3908.

ing bars with each other. Fig. 9 an larged detail erspective View i" e operating cams with the rollers and of the parts actuated by the cams. Fig. '3 (E is per-- spective; view of one of the operating latches carried by the spools. Fig. 11 a perspective view of one of the spool shifting frames. Fig. 12 is a detail inner end elevation of one of the ribbon spools. with one of its bearing rollers and the spool shaft in section. Fig. 13 is a detail edge view of the collar secured to the outer face of the flange of the spool. Fig. 14 is a detail side'view of a spool. with its latch held up out of operation. Fig. 15 is a detail longitudinal sectional View of i the cams and their actuatiu pinion. Fig. Kids a detail side view of a ribbon spool provided with a modified form of operating latch. Fig. 17 is a fragmentary end view of the same spool. Fig. 18 is a side view of one end of a spool showing modified means of hinging the operatin latch. Fig. 19 is a fragmentary end view oftlie spool shown in F ig. 18. Fig: 20 is a detail'perspective view of the operating latch shown in Figs. 16--19. Fig. 21 is-an end view, partly in section, of one of the pawls for preventing a backward rotation of the ratchet wheels on the ribbon spool shafts, together with the means for mounting the same andhdjus'ting the tension of the spring therefor. Fig. 22 shows detail face views of'the awl and, washer shown in Fig. 21. Fig. 23 1s a detail perspective view of another form of ribbon reversing mechanism. Fig. 24 is a detail rear elevation of the same. Fig. 25 is a detail side elevation of certain of the parts shown in Figs. 23 and 24. Fig. 26 me detail end, view showing another manner of connecting the ratchet wheels to the'rib- 9 Fi 27 is a detail 'lon'gitubon spool shafts. dinal sectional 'view ofthe same taken on the line a:':1; of Fig. 26. Fig. 28 is a detail face view of thefriction spring for connecting the ratchet wheel shown in Figs. 26 and 27 to the shaft. Fi 29 is a detail side view of another form of rib on spool and holder. 30 is a transverse sectional view of theribbon spool shown in Fig. 29, the section being taken on the line y-y of Fig. 29. Fig. 31 is a longitudinal sectional view of the same taken. on the 'line zz'of-Fig. 30. Fig. 32 a detail per: s ective view of a ribbon spool core of the c aracter shown in Figs. 29 to 31. Figs. 33

and 34 are detail edge and face views respecmay be applied to other characters of writing 4 machines.

rotation f a pinion 21, mes-hing with gear,18.

shalt 20 of the drum 14, so I drum is rotated by the spring during the feed The machine will be seen to be provided with a carriage 1 and platen 2, the former supported at itsrcar by the traverse rod 3 secured to standards 4 rising irointhe to}:

plate 5 of the machine, and .the front trao 6 of the carriage is supported by rollers 7 car.-

ried by the shift rail 8. The feed of the carriage is controlled by the dogsQ and an esca ement wheel 10 operativel-y connected to.

a eed pinion 12 which meshes in theieed rack 13. The carriage 1 is r'ndved in the direction or its feed by adrurn 14 containing a spring under-tension, the springj'having one of its ends made fast to the shaft or spindle 20 (F igSi 2 and 3-) projecting from the frame of the machine and carryingthedrum, where-. as its other end is connected to th'iiiside of the drum. A band 15 passes; around the drum "to which it is attached at one end, the otherend of the band bei carriage by means of a hoo device.

The spring drum 14 carries on its forward face a pawl 16 which engages a ratchet wheel 17 during the travel of the carriage from right to left or in the direction of its feed. This ratchet wheel 17 and a gear wheel 18 have a common hub lg-looselyrotatin that w on the connected to the movement of the carriage, the pawl 16 en,- gages the teeth of the ratchet w eel and r0 tates it, together with the gear wheel 18,

'thus transmitting movement to the ribbon feed mechanism, as willhereinafter more clearly-appear, but'when the rotation of the.

drum is reversed by the'retnrn of the carriage to the right, the teeth of the rate et wheel and aves it andthe gear wheel 18 at rest, so that at this time no movement istransmitted to the ribbon feed mechanism, and as a consequence, no

movement of'the ribbon will take place and the travel of theit will be fed only durin carriage in the direction 0 its feed, and there fore will be used uniformly. The rotation of the ratchet wheel 17 and gear 18 causes the This pinion 21, as shown n Fig. 15, isseci re upon the rear reduced end 221 of a h ahub 25 that is secured in place upon the The extreme forward end of the-shaft23 has --a'further reduced "ortionilfi .'(Fig.*i5) that constitutes a iii e and bearing stud that takes into an e ongated opening or slot 31 in rollers 34. are carrie end of the slot and between tli'cmris contained or other suitable.

on the;

awl rides freely around the d dog .38 on t .a rod 32 {Fl :9), a set'screw33 with a large fiat head ta rig and preventin a lateral displacement; of the slotted end oft e rod frornits guiding stud .23.

The rod 32 occupies a vertical position and the same. 7 aterally projecting anti-friction by. the'rod near each I the cam 27 which-bears at opposite sides on, the rollers and during the rotation of the cam causes the rod to. rise; and fall. This'cam; 2.7

friction rollers 35 projecting laterally from a bar or carrier 36 near one end thereof. The bar- 35 is provided with the dogs or and ivoited 1 thereto at 37 an spective and which actuate, ratchet wheels 41 and. i2 to turn the ribbon spools." U on reierence to\Figs. 8' and 9, it wi the ba'r'ore rrier 36 extends from side to side of -the machine and forkedv ends 39 'and 40 whic straddle the hubsbf the ratchet-wheels 41 cm 42 and are A restrained from lateral play by the ratchet wheels and a collar or ring 43 forming art of eaohhub (Fig.1 7). Theend 40-of the ar or carrier 36 also. has a fork l i (Fig. 8.)wh ich straddles, the sleeve 29 andwhose jaws carry laterally projecting which coo erate with the cam 26. The retation of t e cam. 26 acting on the rollers 35. gives to' the bar 36 a longitudinally reciproe eating motion and causing one of the paw-ls. thereon to engage ratchet wheels 41 or 42, which in turn rotates the associated ribbon spool shaft '45 01' 45 and turns the ribbon spool A or B that is mounted thereon to wind the ribbon on that spool and. thus effect a longitudinalfeed of t e ribbon.

The'ratchet wheels 41 and 42 are designed tobeturiled-in opposite directions ,by';tl161 1 1 7 125 d tive' ends of the carrier 36, thedog 3'2 work ing onthe u ratchet wheeL E'ah' og'is weighted to i-ii theend ofthe shaft 23' is substantially .heart-shaped'but the cam 26 is practically oval and cooperates with anti is 1provided with and actuate one of the-- per edge of its ratchet wheel and A e lowered e ofthe associated v shalt by a set screw 25 received in a tapped u i machine byscrews 303a; shown in Fig. 2:

. s5 the slot 31- ermitsa vertical-' movement of n 0 0 I anti-friction rollers 35 lit 1'00, beseen tat. v

- a straight bar with a depending finger 47;

the spring is seated. The spring is housed held, by aperforation 55 in the washer.

is in the natureof a bell crank, weighted at meansof the dogs orpawls 51 and 52 carried .ment with their respective ratchet whee s,

' and journaled within the frame is a rock effect an engagement with its respective ratchet-wheel and the wei ht in each in stance serves as a 'sto to lnnit the pivotal movement of the associated dog in one direction relatively to its carrier and so that the dogs will engage the ratchet wheels in a uni form manner and a uniform extent of rotation will be imparted thereto. The dog 37 its engaging end by the piece 46 which is adapted to rest on the upper 'aw of the forked end 39 of the carrier, whic limits the downward movement of the engaging end of the dog and maintains it in position where it will engage the roper tooth of the ratchet wheel 41, durin t 1e throw of the carrier and consequentlywi l rotate the ratchet wheel the required distance. The dog 38 ispractically the hooked end 48 of the dog engaging the ratchet-wheel 42 and being normally maintained in a position to engage the ratchetwheel by a weight 49 at the other end of thedog. This weight 49 comes in contact with the carrier 36 as shown in Fig. 8, and regulates the point of engagementbetween the hooked end of the pavl and the ratchet wheel during the movement of the carrier 36 from left to right. The object of finger 47 and a finger 50 on dog-37 will be hereinafter described.

The ratchet wheelsareheld against backward rotation and the ribbon held taut by by screw pivots 53 passing into the frame of the machine (see F1 s. '21 and 22), and the" dogsare each'provi ed with a coiled spring 54 and a perforation 51*? in which one end of in the annular recess 54" of a washer 55 carried by the screw 53, but held firmly against the frame .by the shoulder 56 ofthe screw, and the-other end of the spring'is seated in and When the screw 53 is slightly loosened; the washer may be turned around thestern of the'screw 53 with a spanner wrench engaging the notches 55 in the eriphery of the washer and the tension of the spring-ma thus bevaried. The dogs 51 and 52 eac has a de ending finger 57 and 58 res ectively by which they may be thrown out o enga eas will hereinafter more clearly appear.

Extending from side to side-of the machine shaft 59 carrying near each end an upright bar or crank arm 60 and 61 clamped to the shaft by means of the screws 61*. The up-' per ends of these crank arms 60 and 61 are pivoted to transverse dog releasing bars or devices 62'and 63 respectively, the forward end of bar 62 being slotted at ltsforward end 1 where it is seated and adapted to'slide-ona set screw 64 while the forward end of bar 63 ispivoted at 63 to the upper end of a hand shlfting' lever 65 pivoted by the screw 66* to the right-hand end of the frame of the machine and provided with a contractile spring 67, secured at one end to the handle 68 and at the other end to a pin 69 on the frame. This lever has depending stops or fingers 70 and 71 that cooperate with the fixed pin 69 to limit the movement of the lever in op posite directions. 1 The handle 68 affords a shifting of the mechanism to provide for the reversal of the longitudinal feed of the ribbon by hand at any-desired point and thedis osition of the spring is sue that itis move to either side 0 the pivotal center of the lever 65 and assuresa complete movement of the parts and retains them againstaccidental displacement and with either of the stops 70 or 71 in corn tact with the fixed stop 69.. The two bars 62 and 63 are reduced or cut-away along their upper sides-or otherwise formed so as to provide shoulders or abutments 72, whose ob ject will be explained later, and at the rear of each'bar aretwo'cams '74 and 75, which are best shown in Fig. 8, and are fashioned into flanges turned at right angles to the bar; the cams 74 and 75 on the bar 63 having inclined faces 7 4 and 7 5 respectivelyformed there- 'on, the cam 74 being on the upper side while bon feed dog 37 and throw the dog out of operation, while the latter is adapted to en:

gage the finger 57 of the ribbon feed pawl or;

dog 51 and to remove the dog fr'oin,engagement with the ratchet wheel 41; these two dogs or pawls being shown out of engagemen in Fig. 8,.and the spring of the shifting lever' 65'holding' them in that position'with' the tails of the pawls resting on the straight faces 74 and 75 respectively of the carns-7 4 and 75. m At the other side of the machine the'bar 62 is seen provided with cams 7 4' and 75 having inclined faces 76 and 77 respectively, the former of which engages the finger 47 of the feed pawl 88and cam face 77 is adapted to bear upon the finger 58 of pawl 52, and thus move the hook or engaging nose thereofout of engagement with its associated ratchet The bar 62 is shown withdrawn, how

wheel.

ever, in Fig. 8 and tlienanrfaeesuzggit 'acterefo engaging on the pawls and they are th 'ing'or adaptcd'to engage the ratchet 42} and the pawl 38' operates tointermittently rotate the same when the cam 26 rotates and causes the reciprocating motion of the bar 36. The rotation of the shaft 45inthe manner described carries with it the spool A andthe- 'ribbon is wound thereon while the spool B and its ratchet being unrestrained, allows the ribbon to unwind at that end.

The construction and arrangement of the ribbonspools and theinbearings are shown in Fig.- 7. from an examination of which it will 'eac spool.

i "so screw 97 passing through anopemng ta ped 45 fore stated.

be understood that each spool comprises a wooden core 80, each end being reinforced by a metal band 81 and having; the flanges 82 v and 83 secured to its end faces screws 84. 5 These flanges have secured to t em by the same screws 84 collars 86'whese attaching flanges 86 are provided-with centering or. positioning pins 87 '(Fig. 13) to enter holes 88 (Fi 12) 1n the lar%e flanges 82 and 8-3 of The co lars'86 are reducedattheir outer ends to enter eyes 89 (Fig. 1 1) of a frame 90 and revolve freely therein. The re- ,duced ortion-of the collar carries a washer 86* (Fig. 7), preferably of raw hide or some similar substance, between the hub" or apertured portion of the frame 90 and the shoul-' der of the collar. The Pie es 82 and 83 of each ribbon spool have latera ly dis osed ears -or extensions 91 on; their inner si es which 2e fit'within the socket92 of the core 80 and carry rollers 93 mounted on pins 935, the

' rollers having beveled peripheries designed to rdn ,in V -;shaped grooves 94 in op osite' I sides of theribbon spool shafts 45.9.11 45. The ends of each ribbon spool shaft are bored as'at 95' and. at the rear side of the machine the reducedend 96 of a'screw 97 enters the hole in the 'rearfend of each shaft and forms the bearing for this. end of the shaft,- the for it in e rear'uprig'ht of the frame-o the machine. The front uprights 98 of the frame are enlarged) as at. 99 and: have an opening at that ointto-receive abushigg 100 that. forms is e bearing forv the -'enlarg I portion 101 ofa s indle 102 which entersthe *socket'9'5 in the rent end of a ribbon 'spool shaft and is securedtherein by the set screw v103'. The outer end 'of the sp ndle 102 has a knurled'head 104 for manna ly-windingthe" ribbonwhen it is desired to do so and the in-: .ner ends of bothfshafts ands-5 have se cured to them by set screws'105 the ratchet; wheels '41 and 42 respectively, as. hereinbe Each frame 90 is supported by the collars shaft, a. rotation of the frame being prevented by the friction roller 111. each frame 90 tical slot 116 into carried. by the upper end of an oscillating crank arm.

In Fig. 10 an operatin latch 119 is shown in detail. One of these atehes is carried by each ribbon spool and may be connected to One of the hubs 107 of (Fig. 6) that are riveted to the ari es and pass loosely through the holes 121 in the ends of the crescent-shaped members or engagin blades '12-2; thetwo members bein" unite by a cross-bar 123. Normally this latch occupies theiposition shown in Figs. 6 and 14 where the edges of members 122 conform to or are within'the' peripheries of flanges 82' and 83 and the cross-bar 123 fits a ainst the upper or inner end of slots 145 in the flanges an aiainst the core of the spool, being held in sue position by the ribbon C woun upon the spool. T When,f however, the ribbon is fully unwound from the spool, the la ribbon no longer sup thelcross-bar. 123 an vwhen'the spool revolves, until the cross-bar reaches the lower side of the slots 145 and the ,edges. of the. crescent-shaped members drop-into-the osition shown in Fig. 4 where theyjextendeyond the peripheries of the flangesz-of the spool and into the slot or depression" in the-bar62 or 63 to a position where one ofthe'flanges-is adapted to engage the abutment-.7 2 on the '63 during along their shafts. f

. i In the .foregoingdescri 22001 and its adjuncts,

ers of one, side of the machine,-but-it will be understood, however, that the construction 0 rationof thecorresponding-parts on both sides of the machine arethe same.

86 of the flanges 82 and 83 {illustrated in detail in Fig. .11 and consists of uprights-or, side pieces 106, whoselower ends terminate in the hubs 107 with the eyes 8 9 hereinbefore "referred to, the upper ends of said side pieces bein united by the cross-piece 108, .Exe; tensions 109 of the sides 106 carry 'a guide rod 110, which extends from one slde to the other of the frame and passes into the groove of a roller 111 (Fig; 6) journaled on a screw-111 passin 'into a threaded opening in'the frame of t e machine, and a ribbon ''bearin and roller 112, over which 60 thefriblwon C passee'afterleavin'g the spool, is

mounted between upwardl 'extending ears 109? that pro'ect' upward y from-thee ,tensionf109. but outs 11 4 are designed-to v receive the side flange of thetop lsweritne of the machine, but'they are carried single rock shaft 124 journaled in the sides of the frame of the machine, nd which is ta ped near one end .to receive the-threaded en .125 'of-a"crank'arm 126, locked therein by the check-nut 127. crank 126 is pivotally connected to the 'lowerend of'rod32 by thescrew 128 anda rocking motion is given to these parts by the ment of'the rod.

' The feed of the carriage and rotation of thedrum-lads efiectedz-by the usual key levers 'IZQ Eiv'loted on the bar 130 at the rear of the mac e. and having 7 nefcts itto-the type f stii'i 32. v

has a finger key 133 and is provided'with a s-sj'ffjnachine v and allow thejhame 90 to tram-,5

hbok in the never side of the uni-' carries an ear 115 with a ver,.

tionof the ribbon L-have referred, for e sake of clearness, to the constructiononp freely with its spool along the ribbon spool guide rod 110 and its anti-- which projects a stud 11.7

the flanges thereof by means oi pivots 120,

ort the latch t rough it is allowed to drop,-

associated bar 62 or the axial movements of the spools There are also two crank arms 1'18, oneat eachbside ,y a M The other endof the,

rotation of the'cam 2 7 and the verticalrmove-w slink 13-1, which con- Each key'lever pinion 12 and the movement of the carriage one letter space distance will be effected, through pressure of the spring drum.

With the forward rotation of the drum 14 thus effected, the pawl 16. carried. by the a drum 14 engages the ratchet wheel 17 and rotates it with the drum 1-4. The hub of the wheel 17 revolves freely on the shaft or spindle 20 and carries the gear wheel 18 through the same degree of rotation as the ratchet wheel 17. The gear wheel 18, meshing with the pinion 21, rotates it and imparts motion, through the shaft 23, to the earns 26 and 27, giving to the rod 32 its vertical motion which rocks the shaft 124, through the medium of the crank arm 126, and causing the bar 36 to reciprocate transversely of the machine by the action of the cam 27, to

actuate one or the other of the ratchet wheels 41 or 42. posed, as shown in Fig. 8, the cam faces ofthe dog releasing bar 62 do not engage its dogs 38 and 52, and they are left free to operate the ratchet wheel 42 and with each complete movement of the bar 36, the dog 3-8 advances the ratchet wheel 42 and the dog 52 looks the same against backward ro tation. The lower ends of dogs 37 and 51 are engaged by the cam faces 74 and 7 5 of the bar 63 and held out of action and consequently the ratchet wheel .41 is free to turn backward with its spool shaft 45 and permit the unwinding of the spool B while the wind ing operation is being performed by the ratchet wheel 42. This winding continues until the ribbon on the spool B on shaft 45 is about exhausted and releases the cross bar'123 of the operating latch 119 when the free ends or segment members drop upon the bar 63. During this longitudinal feed of the ribbon from'one spool to another, the spools are undergoing a constant reciprocating or axial movement on the shafts 45 and 45 while the carriage of the machine is moving forward, and this motion is brought about by the cam27 acting u on the anti-friction rollers of the rod 32 an givin thedatter its up and down motion and roc ing the shaft 124. This movement to the shaft 124 causes the levers 1-18 to rock and, being-connected to the frames 90 of the spools, cause them to move along the shafts 45 and 45. The

total weight of the-spools and frames is carried by the rollers 93, and the free movement of the collars 86 in the eyes 89 of the frame 90 When the parts are dis-.

permit the rotation of the spools and shafts while the lateral movement continues. It will be observed that the winding and unwinding of the spools also continue during the shifting of the same and allows the eventual presentation of every. point in the length and breadth of the ribbon to the face of the types; securing an evenwear to the fabric and gradual and complete utilization of the ink in the ribbon and consequently an even and uniform imprint on the paper.

The cross army 23 of each latch is held against the core of the spool by the ribbon thereof when the spool is wound with its supply, but when this supply becolnes'exhausted by the unwinding ofthe spool, the

latches are released and the weight of the free ends of the crescent-shaped members 122 causethem to drop upon the adjacent dog releasing bar 62 or 63. The axial mo vem'ent of the spools eventually carries this latch against the cooperating shoulders 72, thus moving the bar in the direction in which the spools are, receiving their axial movement. It should be understood that a single shoulder or abutment 72011 each bar 62 or 63 is effective for cooperation with a latch of an associated spool, the bar 62 always being moved towards the front of the machine by the contact of the latch of the associated spool with the abutment 72 near the forward part. thereof, whereas thebar 63 is always moved towards the rear of the machine by the cob eration of the latch of the asso near the rear of the bar. In Fig. 4 the position of the parts is shown. when a latch 119 has engaged the shoulderor abutment 72 near the rear end of the bar 63 and thrown the same to its limit of movement in that direction, seas to release the dogs :37 and 51 and permit them to engage the ratchet wheel 41 and start the winding operation on the spool at that end of the machine, thereby automatically reversing the direction "of longitudinal feed of the ribbon. Themovement of the bar 63 just'described efiects a corresponding movement of the bar 62 by reason of crank arms 60 "and 61 and rock shaft 59 which unite the two, so that when the bar 63 is moved. to permit an engagement of the pawls 37 and 51 with theratchet wheel 41, the'pawls 38 and 52 are simultaneously disengaged by the movement of the bar 62 and the cams thereon, thus afiording a free backward or unwinding movement of the associated ribbon spool. With the'first ro-- tation of the spool b the new operative ratchet wheel 41,'the .atch will, when it arrives-uppermost, drop to a position where the segmental members will be within the peripheries of the flanges of the spool andthe cross-bar 12301 the latch will be against the core and the layer of ribbon first gathered upon the core, catches the cross arm. 1.23 and.

' holds the operate in moved.

latch 119 in its normal position, leaving the bar 63 free from further interference until the ribbon is unwound from this same sp'oo The segmental form of the engaging member of each latch enables it to maintain its engagement with an abutment 72 during about one-third of'a revolution of the spool which carries it, so thatthere is no liability of the latch being carried. around with the spool and out of engagement with the abutment before a complete throw of the releasing bar has taken place.

The movement of the bar 63in one direction or the other effects a rockingnf the locking. lever on its pivot. and the tension of the'associated spring tendsto assure a complete movement of the parts and to -maintain them in such position after they are In Fig. 4 t e lever is shown in full lines as being in a position releasin the dogs controlled by the bar 63, While t e dotted line position indicates that which it assumes when the dogs are released.- This lever, as' heretofore stated, affords hand. operated means'for reversing the ribbon at-any desired point and the knobs 104 on-the spool shafts afiord means for winding'the ribbon of the spool whoseratchet is in operation when it is desired to eflect such operation by hand. The frames 90, moving with the SPOOlS,C&IfIlGS andguides the r bbon .from one spool to the other over thetype-wellby means of the rollers'112.' The employmentv of grooves along the two sides of each spool shaft and the rollers on the spool for travel .therein affords a ready and easy movement of the spools alongthe shafts; at the same time holding the s 001 'againstrotation thereon. The use 0' there'ducedbearings 96 and 101 is also intended to reduce friction toaminimum.

1 Figs. 16 to 20 illustrate modifications of the o eratin latches already shown and descri ed an in each of whichlthe latch is shown composed of the single shaped member 122 with its cross piece 123 rovided at its other end with anelongated sleeve 138 for. the reception of the pivot pm 139 which hinges it to the flange 82 of the spool. This flange as 140 havin at each end ears 141 at right angles to t e side of the flange and which can the pivot in 139. In Figs. 18 and- 19 the ange142 of t e collar 86*. has ears extending therefrom. and which" are adapted'to carry-thepivotal pins 139,- and the flange 83 of the spool .has a slotf1-44 between these ears and through-whichfith'e cross piece 1-23 projects and in whichit swings. This form -.'of latchisiadapted-ato or shoulder on the releasin' bag and shove the same-1n m the manner erembefore described, each'latch throwingzm its'own' dogs,

which movementthrows out theotherf dog's:

Y its releasing any strain upon erescentshown'in Fig. 17 has enable two or more types when :an end .and that a new point on the ribbon 1S presented-tothe action of the typps at each stelp b connection with-=the abutment- *n- Its operation is the same as previously described, it being dropper-l by the exhaustion of the ribbon and returned when the winding operation starts and is held in the normal position by the ribbon.

The construction and manner of mounting the operating latches, shown more particularly in Figs. 16 to 20,1s such that no part of a latch bears or rubs against the spool in the the latch being wholly sup-.

the result that the reversal in.the feed of the ribbon would not be efiected. By reason of the fact that each latch gives the'thrust of bar in but one direction, it will be understood that segmental flanges or members of the latches are consequently carried by opposite flanges of the two spools; one always throwing the wardly and the other rearwardly, and the efiective action of each latch being in but one'direction.

In the arr angem nt'and disposition of my improvements it will be seen that the ribbon is automatically fed longitudinally and transversely of its lengthand that the direction releasing bars forof the feed is automatically reversed without in any way interfering with or impeding the operation of the type actions or other parts the. actuating jpower being. derived entirely from the spring drum at each step-by-step feed movement .of the carriage. Nor does the application of my improvements require material alteration of the structural features 1 r of the typewriting machine, as such. It will likewise be seen ing mechanism is actuated Without bringing theribbon itself to effect such actuation and that when one feed dog :is rendered operative to turna ribbon spool,

theother feed. dog, by the same movements of the parts, is rendered inoperative and that consequently there is no arrest ofthe ribbon during the reversing action, which would. to strike at the same point on the ribbon; vided an efficient ribbon eedmechanism by meansof which the ribbon is fed longitudinally andtransversely; that the direction of longitudinal feed is automatically reversedof the ribbon is approached,

step feed {movement of t e carriage. igs. 23, 24 and 25 I [have shown another form of ribbon reversing mechanism" wherein the bar. or frame 36 is similar to the part 36 .previouslydescribed and which is actuated in the same manner. At each end that the ribbon reversthat I have proof the frame or bar 36 are two pawls 51 51?, 54 and 54 which are pivoted to the bar at 145 and are drawn towards each other by contractile springs 1 16 each connected at its ends to said pawls and pins 147 prevent aocidental overthrow of the pawls. Each pair of the pawls are situated upon opposite 36 is moved in either direction. It will be understood that the pair of pawls at one side of the machine will be maintained in opera tive engagement with the associated ratchet wheel whenthe pair at the opposite side of the machine are maintained out of such engagernent. ,Thus, the cam fingers 74 and 75 are situated at opposite endspf the machine'and extend in opposite directions from upwardly projecting arms 149. These arms have their lower ends bifurcated at 150 where they are seated on therock shaft 59 and each arm has an open slot 151 therein where it is adapted to receive the stem of a headed set screw 152 whichtakes into a threaded opening in a crank arm that is fixed to the rock shaft 59 The screws 152 form meansfor connecting the arms 149 to the crank arms 6O so as to move therewith and alsoconstitute meansfor affording an adjustment of the arms. 149 relatively to the crank arms on the shaft, so as. to regulate or time the release or rcengagement of the awls-for turning the ribbon spool shafts.

ars 62 and 63 similar to the bars 62 and 63 hereinbeforedescribed are pivotally connected at153 to the crank arms 60 and are actuated by the latches on the ribbon spools in the same general manner as hereinbefore described, and one of thejbars is connected .to the'hand operated shifting lever constructed and o eratingfin thesarne manner as the shifting ever 65 previously described. In the modified form of construction just described the ratchet wheels 411 and 42 instead of being secured rigidly to their shafts-45 as in theconstruetion previously described, are connected thereto by friction;-

devices in order to avoid liability of injury to. the parts in the event of-the reversing de- I vices failing to work for any-reason and so as to render unnecessary a nice timing or regulation of the parts: Thus, each-ribbon spool shaft 15 is grooved in opposite sides at the rear end thereof, asindicated at 15 1, to receive the inwardl extending projections 155 (see Fig. 28) of-t efriction device 156, that is centrally apertured to receive the associated' shaft and has spring arms 157' which are adapted to bear with a springpressure on the rear face of the associated ratchet wheel 41 or 42 loosely mounted on its shaft. A nut 157 r is received on the rear end of each shaft with anti-friction rollers 93 to hold the friction device from displacement therefrom and to vary the tension exerted is offered to a turning of either ribbon spool.

,Each ribbon spool shaft 45 is grooved throughout substantially the entire length thereof, as indicated at 94 for cooperation Referring especially to-Figs. 29 to 34, it will be seen that a modified form of spool construction is shown wherein the rollers 93v area journaled in inwardly extending ears 91 that are formed and project from the heads or flanges of the ribbon spools. bearing rollers may be inserted endwise from opposite directions into a hollow sheet metal core provided with inwardly projecting lugs 158 formed from the ends of, the core and bearing upon opposite sides of the cars 91 when the latter are in place in the core to prevent the core from turning on the ears and to cause it to rotate with the ears and flanges from which latter the ears are formed. Bearing sleeves 159 have flanges 160 and reduced ends which take into the bearing openings formed in the hubs 107 of the spool frames Headed rods 161 pass through the flanges] 60.0n the sleeves, through the heads of the ribbon spools, and through the. core and are secured by nuts 162, thus firmly uniting the different parts of the spool structure.

A washer 163 of leather or other suitable material is interposed between a hub 107 on each spool frame and the shoulder formed at the junction of the. reduced portion of the/associated bearing sleeve 159 so that a frictional engagement maybe maintained bethereof that is fixed relatively to the rotation of the spool. At the opposite end of each spool is a leaf spring or friction device 164 shown in detail in Figs. 33 and '34. The

These ears with their .tween each ribbon spool and the frame 9O lower end of this spring is formed with a hub 165 that encircles the reduced portion of the bearing sleeve 159 at that end of the spool Where the spring is located and tends to move the'ribbon spool axially in its frame so as to exert a pressure of thebearing sleeve at the opposite end of the sleeve on the washer 163 and to maintain a pressure of its own on the sleeve at the opposite end of the spool. The upper reduced end 166 of the s ring passes through an opening in the spoo frame provided for that purpose, in order to hold the upper end of the spring while its hub exerts a pressure on the spool and to prevent the spring from turning with the spool. The purpose of the brake springs'is to prevent an over-rotation of either spool when the ribbon will be versing mechanism.-

certain features may said-carrier, ribbon spools, that are rotated feed mechanism, (automatic or hand actuated) is violently actuated.

. Referring especially to Figs. 35 and 36 it seen that a modified form of ribbon driving mechanism is shown wherein a bracket 167 is secured to a corner post of the frame of the machine by screws 168. This bracket is provided with bearing ears 169 and 170 for a shaft 23 that is enlarged at its 'ri ht hand end in Fig. 35 to form a shoulder w ich'abuts against the bearing 170 and limits the movement of the shaft in one direction. The enlargement on the shaft is squared at its end as indicated at 171 for cooperation with a cooperating opening inthe driving gear 21". A headed screw 172 has its stem received the end of the shaft to secure the gear 1n place on the shaft. The opposite end of the shaft receives a hub 173 which carries the ca-ms 26 and 27 that are secured thereto and the hub is secured in place on the shaft by a set screw 174 that is received within a threaded opening in the hub and bears in its inner end against the shaft, so that the gear, shaft, hub and cams are connected to rotate together and to transmit motion from the main driving gear 18 to ribbon feed and re- The construction shown in Figs. 35 and 36 is simple in construction and is stronger than the corresponding mechanism illustrated in Fig. 15, though in many respects essentially the same.

Certain of the features herein shown constitute no portionof my'pres'ent invention and are not claimed herein but are included in applications previously filed by Walter J. Barron and Henry Merritt.

Various changes may be made without departing from the spirit of my invention and be employed without the others. Thus, for instance, from certain aspects of my invention, it is ammaterlal' whether or not the ribbon receives an'automatic transverse feed. What I claim. as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is y g 1. In atypewriting machine, the combination of a carriage, a carrier that is reeipro cated'transversely of the machine during the feed movement of the carriage, I dogs actuated by said carrier, ribbonsp'ools that are rotated-by said dogs and means separate from the ribbon-and o erated by t 1e power employed to move to carriage for automatically throwin 'one{of-said.dogs into 0' eration and the ot ,er out of operation w en an end 4 i 2. In a typewriting machine, t econabinae tion of a carrier that extends from side to side of the machine and is reci rocated transversely thereof, ribbon feed' ogs' carried lby Y said dog? and means t in a threaded opening transversely reci 1 tion of a carriage,

. each. ribb n 'sppol ribbon feedwhich is, reciproca of the ribbon is'ap reached. v I I p "and controlled by-the powera receive axial movements; and: at, are operated. by the axial move 3. Inatypewritin ma'chine,.theeo bina tion of a carriage, rib on spool shafts, ratchet j wheels rigidly connected to said shafts, a carrier that is reciprocated by the power applied to move the carriage, ribbon feed pawls car'- riedby said carrier and adapted to cooperate with said ratchet wheels, and n eanssep'arate from the ribbon and controlled by the power employed to move the carriage for autmatie ally throwing one of saicl dogs into' operation and the other out of operation when an end of the ribbon is approached. p

4. In a typewritin machine, the, combine tion of a carriage, rib on spool shafts,a xially movable ribbon spools carried thereby,

means controlled by the power employed to move the carriage for effecting the axial movement's" ofsaid ribbon spools; a ratchet wheel fixed to each ribbon spool shaft; a rocating carrier, ribbon feed dogs carried y said carrier and one co? operating with each of said ratchetwheels,

and means controlled by the axial tho 6- ments of the. ribbon spools for automatically effecting a 4 with its ratchet wheel-and gagement of the. other feed dogv ratchet wheel.

arrest ng as a with its disengagement. of gone reed dog 5. In atypewriting machine, the combine 5 a springdru'm therefor,

cams rotated by said spring drum, ribhon i65 spojol shafts, axially ]inovab1e ribbon spools carried thereby,, means controlled one of.

said' cams for eir'ectingan axial movement of a ratchet wheel hated to haft, areciprocating car'- the other of said cams, rib

said ribbon spools,

rier actuated bon feed dogscarriedby said carrierand one. cotziperating with each of said ratchet wheels, an

means controlled by the 'axia mp've merits of the ribbon spools for automatically effecting a disengagement of'one feed dog with its ratchet wheelfand efiecting an'enga ementiofthe other feed dogwith its ratchet wheel.

' e. In a typewritingmachine; the combination of a carriage, a cam that is rotatedby the power applied to move the carriage, a bar thatextends transversely of the machine and ted by said cam,

; said ratchet wheels H ribbon feed pawls that are carried by-said banratchet wheels with which saidare fixed, and means separatefrorn the ribbon plied to ino've the carriage forautoniaticall y efiecting an enga ement of one pawl wi h its ratchet whee, and a. disengagement of the. other pawl with itsratehet wheeL. M

7. In a typewriting machine, thee-ambulationof sava es. reciprocating carrier that smear is operated b the power applied to move the carriage, rib on feed pawls carried by said carrier, ratchet wheels with which the pawls cooperate, ribbon spools rotated by said,-

ratchet wheels, reversing members carried by said ribbon spools, and earns that are automatically actuated by said members to afford an engagement of one feed awl with its racthet wheel and to effect a isengagement of the other feed pawl with its ratchet wheel.

8. In a typewritingrm achine, the combination of a carriage, a reciprocating carrier that is operated by the power applied to move the carriage, ribbon feed pawls carried by said 5 carrier, ratchet wheels with which the pawlscooperate, ribbon spools rotated by said ratchet wheels and which. have automatic axial movements and cams that engage said pawls and are automatically actuated by the axial movements of the ribbon spools to afford an engagement of one feed awl' with its ratchet wheel and to effect a isengagement of the other feed pawl with its ratchet wheel.

9. In a typewriting machine, the combination oi a carriage, ribbon spools; means for automatically efiecting axial movements of said ribbon spools, a ratchet wheel for rotating each ribbon spool, pawls which actuate said ratchet wheels, reciprocating bars that are actuated by the axial movements of the ribbon spools, intermediate connections between said bars, and means'carried by said bars for throwing one awl out of engage- I ment with its ratchet wheel and for affording a movement of the other pawl into an engagement with its ratchet wheel.

10. In a typewriting machine, theflcombination, of a carriage, ribbon s ools, means for automatically effecting axia movements of said ribbon spools by-the ower ap lied to move the carriage, a rate et whee for rotating each ribbon spool, pawls which actuate said ratchet wheels,. a carrier that is reciprocated b tlhe power that moves the carriage and w ch carries sa d awls, reciprocating bars that are actuated y the axial movements of the ribbon spools, intermediate vconnections between said bars, and means carried-by said bars for throwing one pawl, out of engagement withits ratchet wheel and for affording a movement of the other pawl intoengagement with its ratchet wheel.

11. Ina typewriting machine, the combination'of a carria e, a spring drum therefor, ribbon spools t at are rotated and receive axial movements by the power applied from said spring drum, reciprocating pawls that rotate said spools, bars that are reciprocated endwise and fore and aft of the machine bythe axial movements of said ribbon spools, and means carried by said; bars for throwing one pawl out of operative I P ion when the other pawl is in the operative position.

*riage' moving means for o eratin .l3.' In a typewriting machine, the com-- bination of a carriage, ribbon sfiool shafts, spools adapted to move aXia y thereon whilerotating, means for automatically effecting the axial motion of the ribbon spools, ratchet wheels on the ribbon spool s afts, dogs alternately engaging the ratchet wheels, and means controlled by the car the 'en--. gaging dogs and moving t e spoo s axially at each step-by-step feed movement of the carriage.

14. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a carriage, ribbonspool shafts,

ribbon spools adapted tomove axially onthe'shafts' and rotate therewith, frames carried by the spools, means for moving the frames and causing the spools to shift in unison, ratchet wheels on the s 001 shafts, dogs that 006 crate with sald ratchet wheels, meansior alternately affording an engagement of the dogs first with one ratchet i whee and. then with the other, a recipro'; eating bar carrying the dogs, and means for actuating the reciprocating bar.

. 15. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a carriage, ribbon s ools, shafts carrying the ribbon spools and a ording axial movements of the spools thereon, osci ating arms operatively connected to the spools, ratchet wheels carried by said shafts, dogs adapted to alternately operate them, a reciprocating bar carrying the dogs, bars with cam faces for alternately releasing the dogs" and holding them out of engagement with their ratchet wheels, means for automatic- 4 ally actuating said cam carrying bars, means for reciprocating the bar carryingthe dogs, and means for operating the oscillating arms.

16. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a carriage, ribbon spool shafts, ratchet wheels on the shafts, dogs adapted to alternately engage the ratchet wheels, means for actuating the dogs, ribbonspools adapted to shift axially on the shafts, oscillating crank arms adapted to shift the spools, a rock shaft carrying the crank arms, a rocking arm. for rocking the shaft, a rod carrying antifriction rollers and operating the rocking 3 arm, and means for actuating the rod to shift driven by the dogs.

I noperative dog, rocking arms connected to I adapted to engage one set of 'dogs and release them from engagement operate. with nation. ofa carriage, riobon spool shafts, ribconnected to the shafts,

them,- and means for shafts.

operating the be 1m eraser the spools while they rotate with their shafts l and while the shafts are being alternately 21'. Ina typewriting machine, the combi bars, shoulders or abutmentson the releasing bars,

17. in a typewritin' machine; thecombiing'bars arfock nation of a c'arriage,'ri bon spool shafts, ribbon spools adapted to move axially of and rotatielwith their shafts, ratchet wheels con-. nected to the shafts, dogs alternately actuat in the ratchet wheels in different directions, a ongitudinally reciprocating bar carrying thedogs, means for automatically reciproeating the bar, releasing bars with campfaces shaft' ournaled in the frame .thereon,v latches adapted to engage said shouldersior abutments, axially movable and rotatingribbonspools carrying the latches, means for automatically dropping a latch on a releasing bar when an end of t 1e ribbon s ools, ratchet wheels :connected Ito the s rafts, dogs alternately engagingt'he ratchet wheels and released therefrom by the releasing bars a longitudinally reciprocating bar carry ingthe-op'erating dogs, means for operating the reciprocating bar,

ing the axial movements of the ribbon spools. 22. In a t ewritinqmachine, thecombination of )rififion' spodl shafts with'long'itudinal grooves, ribbon spools adapted to move axiallyon their shafts and rotate therewith, flanges for said spoolsprovid'ed with inwardly extendirg ears and anti-friction rollers that arefiourn 'led in said ears and take in the grooves in said shafts.

23. In a ty ewriting machine, the combination of'a rib loon spool shaft, a ibbonspool that is-adapted to move axially on its shaft, a 'uide'frame' for the spooL-a rooved guidero ler, and a 006 erating gui e rodwhich engages the groove in said roller and affords movements of, the frame with the spool during-the axial movements of the latterand with their respective ratchet wheel when the otherset of dogs en-i gagetheir' ratchet wheel, and means for 'au tomatically actuating the'releasing bars.

18. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a carriage, ribbon spool shafts, ribbon spools rotating with and receiving-axial movements on their shafts, ratchet wheels connected to the shafts, dogs alternately actuating the ratchet wheels, a longitudinally" reciprocating bar carrying the dogs which cothe ratchet wheels, means for reciprocating the bar, releasing bars alter natelyengaging the dogs and rendering-them inoperative, latches carried by the spools and automatically operating the releasing bars when an end of'tne. ribbon is approached, and meansfor automatically shifting the spools axially while the'carriage is being moved in the direction of its feed.

19. In a typewritin machine, the combi--J to rotate with and toshafts, ratchet wheels dogs alternately ac- 'tuating the ratchet wheels, a bar carrying the dogsand reciprocating longitudinally, means for actuating the bar,'releasing bars engaging the dogs, means for shifting the releasing. bars in unison, latches carried by the spools and adapted to-drop and aut'omaticallyengage the releasing bars, hand operated means connected to the releasing barsfor shifting automatically effecting the axial movements of. spools along their bon spools adapted move axially on the duringthe rotation of the spool.

24. in a ty ewriti'ng machine, the'combie nationof. a rib on s ool shaft, a ribbon spool that rotates with sai shaft and moves axially thereon, a frame that cooperateswith said spoolfa guide rod carried by the frame, a cotion of the machine and having a groove cooperatingwith said guide the framefdurmg the movement of the ra me with the spool" in its axial-movement, and means for moving the frame to effect-an axial movement'of the-spool. 20. In a typewriting machine, the combi- 25. In a typewriting machine, the eombi nation-of a carriage, ribbon spool shafts, ribnation of a r bbon spool shaft, a ribbonspool bon spools rotating with and lnovin axially that rotates with said shaft and moves axially on the shafts, ratchet wheels fixe to f the thereon, bearing rollers interposed between shafts, dogs alternately enga ing. the ratchet wheels, a liar carrying'the (ogs, means for r, releasing bars alternately engaging the operative dog and releasing the frame that is supported on bearings of the ribbon spool, a' guide rod on said frame, and 'a relatively fixed grooved guide roller that cooperates with the guide rod;

' 26. Ina typewriting machine, nation of a carriage,

the releasing bars, a rock shaft carrying the iris-lung arms and adapted to cause the re re 'bars to shift in un1son, means for rotating the ribbon spool shafts and for effect ing axial -movements of the spools, and means controlled by the axiar-movements of the spools for rocking sai'd roe-l5". shaft.

ribbon spool shafts "spools carried on-the shafts and adapted to move axially thereon, latches carried bythe s ools, ratchet Wheels connected to the rocking levers connected to the releas-.

is approached, rotating shafts carrying the prevents a swinging movement of the frame operating guide roller carried bya fixed perguide rod and adapted to fthe spool and said shaft, a ribbon spoolthe combi:

nation of automatically shifted releasing of the machine and having the rocking arms and means for effectreg adapted to rotate in either direction, ribbon afts, dogs engaging the ratchets and al'-- o rr. o adapted to rotate and to receive axial moveternately'rotating the shafts in opposite directions, releasing bars controlling the engagement of the dogs with their ratchet wheels, a spring drum for moving the car- 5 riage'and carrying a pawl, a main driving ratchet wheel actuated by the pawl when the carriage is moving in the direction of its feed, and mechanism controlled by the main ratchet wheel for actuating the dogs and shifting the spools axiallyduring the feed movements of the carriage, and means for automatically releasing the latches and operating the releasin bars by the axial movements of "the spec s so that the direction of the rotation of the spools is,a'utomatically reversed. v

27. In 'a typewriting machine, the combination of a carriage, ribbon spool shafts adapted to rotate in" either direction, ratchet wheels for rotating said shafts, awls' therefor, means for automatically t rowing the pawls into and out of cooperation with their ratchet wheels, so that the direction of the feed of the ribbon may be reversed when an end thereof is approached, ribbon spools rotating with and moving axially on -their shafts, a springfeeddrum, a main driving gear operated from'said drum, a pinion meshing with the main driving gear, and cams adapted through suitable mechanism to reciprocate the pawls and to shift the spools axially alongtheir shafts. I g 28. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a carriage, ribbon spoolshafts, ratchet wheels connected thereto, ribbon spools, a carriage feed drum, a-cam rotated by said drum, a reciprocating longitudinally ,movable bar-that extends from side to side of the machine and is supported by the spool shafts and carries anti-friction rollers that are acted upon by said cam, feed pawls that are carried by said bar and-cooperate with said ratchet wheels, and means forautomatically throwing said pawls into and-out 45 of engagement with their ratchet wheels when an end of the' ribbon is a reached, in

order-to" reverse the direction of eed thereof.

In a typewriting machine, the combi- T'nation-eta-carriage, ribbon spools that are ments, latches carried by said spools, ribbon spool shafts, thumb knobs carried by the I shafts to turn the same by hand ratchet wheels carried by the shafts, releasing bars with .abutments adapted to. be engaged-by latches on the spools and to effect a'movement of the bars byan axial shift of the rib bon spools, a hand actuated shifting lever controlling thereleasing bars, dogs alter,

natcly actuating the ratchet wheels. and thrown in and out of engagement therewith by the releasing bars, and means for automatically operating the dogs.

30. In a typewriting machine, the combi- 55 nation of a carriage, a spring feed drum, cams that are rotated by the spring drum during the feed movement of the carriage, a vertically moving rod with anti-friction rollers and actuated by one of the cams, a longitudinally reciprocating bar that extends from side to side of the machine and which is provided with anti-friction rollers actuated by the other cam, a dog near each end of said bar, ratchet wheels alternately operated by the dogs, spool shafts, ribbon spools adapted to'move axially thereon, means'controlled by the vertically moving rod for effecting the axial movementsof the spools along their shafts, and means for automatically throwing one dog out of cooperation with its ratchet wheel when the other dog is in cooperative relation with its ratchet wheel.

31. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a carriage, a spring drum therefor, a longitudinally reciprocating bar that extends from side to side of the machine, means by whichthe drum actuates the reci rocating bar, dogs carried near each end 0 the bar,

matically throwing the dogs'of one ratchet wheel, out of operation and for affording their ratchet wheel.

3.2. In-a t ypewriting machine, the combination of a carriage, a spring drum therefor, cams rotated by the spring drum, a longitudinally reciprocating bar which extends from cooperation of the other set of dogs with side to side. of the machine and is provided with antifrictio'n, rollers upon which one of the cams bears, actuating dogs carried near each end of the bar, ratchet wheels fixed to the ribbon-spool shafts, locking dogs pivoted to the frame of the machine and cooperating with the ratchet wheels, releasing bars with cam'faces adapted to engage the dogs and throw one set out of engagement with the ratchet wheel thereof when the other dogs are moved into cooperation with the associated ratchet wheel, and means for automat-- ically operating the releasing bars.

33. In a typewriting machine, the combination of ribbon spool shafts, ratchetwheels and collars thereon, a longitudinally reciprocatingbar with forked ends straddling the shafts and held against lateral movement by the ratchet wheels and collars, dogs carried by the bar near the ends thereof and adapted to actuate the ratchets, means for reciprocating the ,bar, and means for rendering the dogs near eithcrcnd of the bar inoperative to cooperate with the associated ratchet wheel when the dogs of the otherratchet wheel are adapted to cooperate therewith.

34. In a typewriting machine, the combi nation of a. dog pivoted upon a shouldered wound about it, a pivot bearing in said cross 3:0 writing machines, the combination of ribbon so pawls that cooperate with the ratchet wheels,

.12 "fs'vm n I 41. A ribbon spool comprising heads or flanges having inwardly rojecting ears formed therefrom, and a hol ow sheet metal core adapted to receive said ears, andhaving lugs formed therefrom which cooperate with- 70 the ears on the heads to connect the heads and core. v '42. A ribbon spool comprising heads or flanges 'havin inwardly projecting ears formed therefrom, a hollow sheet metal core 75 adapted to receivesaid ears and havin lugs formed therefrom which cocperate witi the ears on the heads, to, connect the heads and core, and tie rods, or bolts that extend I throu h the heads and hollow core and conpiece -and a'pivot pin that passes through nect t e heads together. a said-bearing and into the'ears., 43. A ribbon spool comprising heads or '36. In a typpw'riting machine, thecpmbiflanges having inwardly projecting ears nation of a rib on spool, flanges thereon, one formed therefrom, anti-friction rollers jour- 20 of which has, a slot, collars carried by the flanges, one 70f said collars having ears, anda late with an engaging blade ada ted to drop beyondthe circumferenc'eof a .flhnge-of the ribbon spool and having a cross piece-with an as s-ye or pivot hearing at the one end, by means of which the cross'piece after passing throu h the slot may be pivoted" to the ears of t ecollar. 37. In a'ribbon feed mechanism'for type-- screw, a washer carried by the screw and held against a relatively fixed portion of the machine, and a tension spring carried within a recess in the washer, having one of its ends 5 attached to the .dog and the other to the washer and adapted to have its tension increased by the rotation ofthe washer.

v35. In a ty ewriting machine, the combination-of a ri bon spool, a flange having a 10 latch receiving slot with perforated ears at each side, a' latch having-a blade adapted to drop beyond the periphery of a flange of the spool and across {piece ada ted to be held against the core 0 the spoo by the ribbon- ,naled in said ears, and a hollow sheet metal core adapted to receive said ears and rollers, and having lugs formed therefrom which cooperate with the ears on the heads to con nectthe-heads and core. 1

- 44. In a typewriting machine. and ribbon feed mechanism, the combination of a ribbon spool shaft, a ribbon s ool turned thereby, a wheel for turning sai shaft, and means'for effecting a frictional driving connection between said wheel and shaft said frictional. driving connection being such as iinder ordinarv.v conditions to cause the shaft to rotate with its driving wheel but to afiord a rota tion of the wheel independently of the shaft s 001 shafts, ratchet wheelsl'therefor, pawls t i at are adapted to engage said ratchet ,wheels upon opposite sides thereof, a reciprocating carrier for said pawls, and means for 35 automatically throwingisaid pawls into andv when undiie resistance 15 offered to theturn- 100 out of engagement with their ratchet wheels. ing of the ribbon spool.

38. In a ribbon feed mechanism for type-; 45.-,'In a t'ypewriting machine and ribbon writing machines, the combination of ribbon feed mechanism, the combination of a ribbon splool shafts upon 0 posite sides of the ma-' spool shaft, a ribbon s ool turned thereby, a

0 ins, ratchet whee s fixed to said shafts, ratchet wheel'carried 37 said shaft for turnfeed pawls thatcooperate Withltheratchet in it, and means-for efiecting a frictional- .w-hee s and are adaptedto engage the-same driving connectionbetween said ratchet upon opposite sides, and a reciprocating carwheeland shaft, said-frictional. driving con-' rier that extends from side to side of the ma nection' being such as under ordinary con chine and carries said feed awls.

39. In a ribbon feed mec 'anism for typewriting machines, the combination of ribbon spool shafts, ratchet wheels 0 erativ'ely' connected to said shafts, piv'ote weighted feed driving wheel but to afford a rotation of the. wheel 1ndependently of the shaft when undue ,resistance is offered to the turningsof the'rib- 'bon' spool. 1

46. In a typewriting machine and ribbon 1 5 feed mechanism, the combination of aribbon spool shaft, a ribbon" spool carriedbyand" turning with said shaft, a ratchet wheel .carvried by said shaft for turning it, and .a' fric-- tion device connected to the shaft for effect- 120 ing a frictional driving connection between said ratchet ,wheel'and shaft, saidfrietional driving connection-being such as under ordinar conditions to cause the shaftsto rotate wit its driving wheel but to afford arota- 125 tion of the wheel independently of the shaft when undue resistance is offered to the turn 'ing of; the ribbon spool.

' 47. In a tvpewrit ng machine andri-hbon feed mechamsm,the c'o'mb'nation of-a ribbon 130 and a carrier for actuating sa1d pawlsand with which the wei hts on the pawls are adapted to abut to imit the pivotal movement of each feed pawl in one direction andnormally arrest it in'such position that it will properly engage its cooperating ratchet wheel. Y s i 40. In a typewriting' machine, the corhbi nation of a ribbon spool, a frame therefor, a

friction device at one end of the spool interposed between the spool and frame, and aspring at the other end of the spool for giving an axial thrust to the spool, to maintain the s 001 in frictional engagement with said fric tion device.

ditions to cause the shaft torotate with its 

